Lidar derives its name from the combination of the initial letters of "Light Detection and Ranging,". Lidar is a remote sensing technology based on calculating the distance between a starting point and an object by utilizing the time it takes for beams of light sent to surrounding objects to collide and return to the starting point. In other words, Lidar is a remote sensing technology that measures the distance between objects and a measuring device using laser beams. Thanks to its operation at the speed of light, it can measure an area very rapidly and with high accuracy. With its applications, it is widely used in various fields, including the creation of 3D maps of environments and for various other purposes.
We would like to thank our sponsor Leo Drive for gifting lidar to us.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Lidar Technology
Lidar technology offers several advantages over other remote sensing technologies like radar. One of these advantages is that while radar uses low radio frequencies, Lidar employs very high-frequency lasers. The high frequency of Lidar results in shorter wavelengths. The smaller wavelength contributes to significantly increased resolution. Additionally, Lidar's high accuracy, thanks to its ability to perform thousands of verifications per second, is another advantage. However, despite its many advantages, Lidar technology also has its drawbacks. Lidar is very expensive compared to radar technology.
3D Mapping
Lidar consists of two main components: lasers and sensors.Lidar sends lasers from the starting point, which then bounce back to the sensor. The sensor perceives the returning light based on various aspects such as the time it takes for the light to return and the angle of arrival. Lidar is a device used to scan objects in a particular area. It scans the surrounding area with a rotating mirror or an array of laser beams to determine positions and distances. By sending laser beams at different angles, Lidar also collects x, y, z information about the Earth's surface, producing point cloud data to create a three-dimensional map of the surrounding objects.,
The Importance of LiDAR for Autonomous Vehicles
LiDAR plays a crucial role in ensuring the safe distance between autonomous vehicles and objects or vehicles, lane keeping, parking assistance, and traffic sign detection, among many other functions.
For our autonomous vehicles, the areas of interest in LiDAR are primarily map creation, localization, and object detection. For map creation, LiDAR-generated point cloud data is recorded, and these data are then merged to create a map. To localize, the point cloud data obtained by LiDAR at that moment is compared with the point cloud data from the created map to determine the vehicle's position. For object detection, the path taken by the vehicle is checked. If an object is detected in the point cloud data for that area, the vehicle reacts accordingly.
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